CMYK+W formula · grams, 5.000 g batch
Masses assume roughly equal ink densities; calibrate by swatch. Weigh on a 0.01 g scale minimum (0.001 g ideal). For components under 0.05 g, mix a 1:10 tint stock of that ink in medium and weigh 10x the listed mass. wht = working white (staple 3.2). Match scores: 1.00 = same measured color (1 − ΔE/40 in Lab). Green ≥ 0.85 buyable substitute; grey in the neighborhood; amber < 0.65 closest name only, mix it. A 1.00 Vallejo row IS that product.